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The United Kingdom is a state made up of the historic countries of England, Wales and Scotland, as well as Northern Ireland. It is known as the home of both modern parliamentary democracy and the Industrial Revolution.
Two world wars and the end of its empire diminished its role in the 20th century. The 2016 referendum vote to leave the European Union has raised important questions about the country's global role.
Nonetheless, the United Kingdom remains an economic and military power with significant political and cultural influence worldwide.